Author: dancowley

Full year results for the twelve months ended 31 December 2023

RNS Number : 8820E
Drax Group PLC
29 February 2023

Twelve months ended 31 December20232022
Key financial performance measures
Adjusted EBITDA (excl. EGL)(1)(2)(3) (£ million)1,214731
Electricity Generator Levy (EGL)(3) (£ million)(205)-
Adjusted EBITDA (incl. EGL)(1)(2)(3) (£ million)1,009731
Net debt(4) (£ million)1,0841,206
Net debt to Adjusted EBITDA (incl. EGL)1.1x1.6x
Adjusted basic EPS (1) (pence)119.685.1
Dividend per share (pence)23.121.0
Total financial performance measures
Operating profit (£ million)908146
Profit before tax (£ million)79678

Will Gardiner, CEO of Drax Group, said:

Will Gardiner, Drax Group CEO

“Drax performed strongly in 2023 and we remained the single largest provider of renewable power by output in the UK. We have created a business which plays an essential role in supporting energy security, providing dispatchable, renewable power for millions of homes and businesses, particularly during periods of peak demand when there is low wind and solar power.

“Policy support for our UK BECCS project continues to progress and we remain in formal discussions with the UK Government to ensure Drax Power Station can play a long-term role in UK energy security, creating thousands of jobs during construction and helping the country reach Net Zero.

“We have made further progress in our ambition to be a world leader in carbon removals and have visibility of high-quality, long-term earnings to 2042 and a strong balance sheet which supports returns to shareholders and investment in growth, both in the UK and internationally.”

Financial highlights – strong financial performance and returns to shareholders

  • Adj. EBITDA growth driven by system support services, renewable generation, and energy solutions (Customers)
  • Strong liquidity and balance sheet – £639 million of cash and committed facilities at 31 December 2023
  • New £258 million term-loan facilities with 2027-2029 maturities (February 2024)
  • Proposed final dividend of 13.9 pence per share (2022: 12.6 pence per share) – 10% increase
  • £150 million share buyback programme concluded(5)

Current business and targets provide strong long-term foundation for balance sheet, dividend and investment

  • Flexible generation and energy solutions portfolio – targeting post 2027 recurring Adj. EBITDA of >£250 million
    • Pumped storage, hydro, Open Cycle Gas Turbines (OCGTs) and energy solutions
    • Operating in power, renewable, system support and capacity markets
    • c.£580 million of capacity payments to 2042 – existing and new capacity, including Cruachan refurbishment
  • Pellet production – targeting post 2027 recurring Adj. EBITDA >£250 million from own-use and third-party sales
  • Biomass generation – 2.6GW of flexible renewable generation
    • Strong forward hedges support firm cash flows (2024-2026) with additional value from uncontracted power
    • Expect long-term value from bridging mechanism and BECCS

Financial outlook

  • Full year 2024 expectations for Adj. EBITDA in line with analysts’ consensus estimates(6)
  • Expect to repay Q4 2025 debt maturities through cash generation and refinancing activities in 2024
  • Outlook for 2025 Adj. EBITDA underpinned by a strong hedge book – >90% hedge of power on RO units

Attractive opportunities to invest for long-term growth linked to energy transition and security of supply

  • Options for c.£4 billion of growth investment by 2030, with additional investment through 2030s
    • UK BECCS – targeting first unit (4Mt pa) by 2030 in line with UK ambition, with second unit (4Mt pa) to follow – good progress over last 12 months
    • UK Government Biomass Strategy (August 2023) highlights important role for BECCS
      • Planning consent granted for two units (January 2024)
      • Consultation on BECCS bridging mechanism (January – February 2024)
      • MoU with Harbour Energy and bp to assess options for transportation and storage of CO2 (February 2024)
      • Ongoing formal discussions with UK Government regarding bridging mechanism and BECCS
    • Global BECCS – targeting first project (3Mt pa) by 2030 – site selected in US South, moving to FEED in 2024
    • Targeting 600MW expansion of Cruachan Power Station (pumped storage) by 2030, planning consent granted
  • Targeting 8Mt pa of pellet production capacity by 2030, subject to clarity on UK BECCS
  • Ambition for the development of over 20Mt pa of carbon removals through 2030s

Capital allocation policy unchanged – continue to assess capital requirements in line with the current policy

Sustainability

  • Compliance with TCFD reporting requirements
  • Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) targets approved
  • Forum for the Future BECCS Done Well report and publication of initial Drax response

National Audit Office (NAO) and Ofgem

  • NAO review of UK Government’s biomass strategy published (January 2024)
    • Outlines opportunities to develop standards consistent with existing statements from UK Government
    • Highlights UK Government’s commitment to biomass and its long-term role in delivering UK targets
  • Ofgem – annual assessment of compliance with Renewables Obligation (RO) scheme (May 2023) – “Good” rating
  • Ofgem – investigation of annual biomass profiling reporting under RO scheme (ongoing)

Operational and financial review

£ million20232022
Adj. EBITDA breakdown (incl. EGL)1,009731
Pellet production89134
Pumped storage and hydro230171
Biomass generation703525
Energy solutions (Customers)7226
Corporate, innovation, Global BECCS and other(7)(8)(85)(125)

Pellet Production – production and sales supporting UK generation and sales to third parties

  • Robust performance in a challenging environment
  • Progressing development of new Longview pellet plant, and Aliceville expansion complete
    • Investment of c.$300 million adding c.0.6Mt of new capacity
  • Pipeline of new third-party sales opportunities
    • 5Mt contract to Japan over five years, commenced in 2023
    • Letter of Intent for sale of up to 1Mt of biomass to European utility, for projects incl. Sustainable Aviation Fuel

Generation – energy security with dispatchable renewable generation and system support services

  • Pumped storage and hydro – strong system support and generation performance
    • Includes forward sale of peak power (Q1 2023), system support services, renewables and capacity payments
  • Biomass generation – strong system support and renewable generation performance
    • Period-on-period reduction in output reflects two major planned outages
    • Higher achieved power price and value from system support, but higher biomass costs
  • As at 26 February >£2.8 billion of forward power sales between 2024 and 2026 on RO biomass, pumped storage and hydro generation assets – 22.3TWh at an average price of £127.3/MWh(9/10)
    • RO generation – fully hedged in 2024 and >90% hedged in 2025
    • A further 2.6TWh of CfD generation contracted for 2024

Contracted power sales as at 26 February 2024

2024

2025

2026
Net RO, hydro and gas (TWh)(9)10.89.32.2
Average achieved £ per MWh(10)149.0111.189.6
CfD (TWh)2.6

Energy Supply (Customers) – renewable power and energy services

  • Strong Industrial and Commercial (I&C) performance with 7% increase in power sales – 15.8TWh (2022: 14.8TWh), stable margins on contracted sales and lower balancing costs
  • Growing value from 100% renewable power products
  • Development of energy solutions business including system support services via demand response, and electric vehicle services following acquisition of BMM (August 2023)
  • Impairment of Opus Energy of £69 million, following transfer of renewables activities to Drax Energy Solutions (along with £145 million of Goodwill) and the previously announced ending of gas sales

Other financial information

Capital investment

  • Capital investment of £519 million (2022: £255 million)
    • £187 million maintenance and other, including two major planned outages on biomass units
    • £332 million growth, including £189 million OCGTs and £76 million pellet plant developments
  • 2024 expected capital investment of £410-450 million
  • OCGTs – c.900MW – three new-build sites, commissioning in H2 2024
    • Continuing to evaluate options for these projects

Cash and balance sheet

  • Cash generated from operations £1,111 million (after £155 million inflow of collateral) (2022: £320 million, after £407 million outflow of collateral)
  • Net debt at 31 December 2023 of £1,084 million (31 December 2022: £1,206 million), including cash and cash equivalents of £380 million (31 December 2022: £238 million)
  • Good progress on financing activities
    • ESG term loan, extended maturity to 2026 and reduced size to C$200 million (November 2023)
    • £144 million of infrastructure facilities repaid (January 2024)
    • Extension of £300 million revolving credit facility to 2026 (January 2024)
    • New £258 million term-loan facilities with 2027-2029 maturities (February 2024)

Forward Looking Statements

This announcement may contain certain statements, expectations, statistics, projections and other information that are, or may be, forward-looking. The accuracy and completeness of all such statements, including, without limitation, statements regarding the future financial position, strategy, projected costs, plans, beliefs, and objectives for the management of future operations of Drax Group plc (“Drax”) and its subsidiaries (the “Group”), are not warranted or guaranteed. By their nature, forward-looking statements involve risk and uncertainty because they relate to events and depend on circumstances that may occur in the future. Although Drax believes that the statements, expectations, statistics and projections and other information reflected in such statements are reasonable, they reflect the Company’s current view and no assurance can be given that they will prove to be correct. Such events and statements involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results and outcomes may differ materially from those expressed or implied by those forward-looking statements. There are a number of factors, many of which are beyond the control of the Group, which could cause actual results and developments to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. These include, but are not limited to, factors such as: future revenues being lower than expected; increasing competitive pressures in the industry; uncertainty as to future investment and support achieved in enabling the realisation of strategic aims and objectives; and/or general economic conditions or conditions affecting the relevant industry, both domestically and internationally, being less favourable than expected, including the impact of prevailing economic and political uncertainty, the impact of strikes, the impact of adverse weather conditions or events such as wildfires. We do not intend to publicly update or revise these projections or other forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date hereof, and we do not assume any responsibility for doing so.

Webcast Arrangements

Management will host a webcast presentation for analysts and investors at 9:00am (GMT), Thursday 29 February 2024.

The presentation can be accessed remotely via a live webcast link, as detailed below. After the meeting, the webcast recording will be made available and access details of this recording are also set out below.

A copy of the presentation will be made available from 7:00am (GMT) on Thursday 29 February 2024 for download at: https://www.drax.com/investors/announcements-events-reports/presentations/

Event Title: Drax Group plc: Full Year Results
Event Date: Thursday 29 February 2024
Event Time: 9:00am (GMT)
Webcast Live Event Link: https://secure.emincote.com/client/drax/drax028
Conference call and pre-register Link: https://secure.emincote.com/client/drax/drax028/vip_connect
Start Date:  Thursday 29 February 2024
Delete Date:  Saturday 1 March 2025
Archive Link: https://secure.emincote.com/client/drax/drax028

For further information, please contact: [email protected]

 Website: www.drax.com

View investor presentation here

 

 

 

Notes:

(1) Financial performance measures prefixed with “Adjusted” are stated after adjusting for exceptional items (including impairment of non-current assets, proceeds from legal claims, change in fair value of financial instruments and impact of tax rate changes). Adj. EBITDA and EPS measures exclude earnings from associates and amounts attributable to non-controlling interests.
(2) Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation, amortisation, other gains and losses and impairment of non-current assets, excluding the impact of exceptional items and certain remeasurements, earnings from associates and earnings attributable to non-controlling interests.
(3) In December 2022, the UK Government confirmed the details of a windfall tax – the Electricity Generator Levy (EGL) – on renewable and low-carbon generators, implemented in 2023 and running to 31 March 2028. The EGL applies to the three biomass units operating under the RO scheme and run-of-river hydro operations. It does not apply to the Contract for Difference (CfD) biomass or pumped storage hydro units. Following review, we have concluded that EGL will be accounted for as a levy within Gross Profit and therefore Adj. EBITDA. For 2023 we have presented Adj. EBITDA including and excluding EGL for ease of comparison.
(4) Net debt is calculated by taking the Group’s borrowings, adjusting for the impact of associated hedging instruments, and subtracting cash and cash equivalents. Net debt excludes the share of borrowings and cash and cash equivalents attributable to non-controlling interests.
Borrowings includes external financial debt, such as loan notes, term loans and amounts drawn in cash under revolving credit facilities, net of any deferred finance costs.
(5) Following completion of the share buyback programme Drax has c.384.7 million shares in issue, with a further c.40.3 million held in treasury.
(6) As of 21 February 2024, analyst consensus for 2024 Adj. EBITDA (incl. EGL) was £968 million, with a range of £882 – 1,097million. The details of this company collected consensus are displayed on the Group’s website. https://www.drax.com/investors/announcements-events-reports/presentations/
(7) In 2023 a review of the mechanism for corporate recharges was performed, leading to a greater proportion being recharged to business units, primarily Generation. The remaining £85 million in 2023 is comprised of £57 million for Global BECCS (2022: £14 million) and £28 million of other corporate and innovation costs, including the development of options for pumped storage expansion (2022: £24 million) and intercompany eliminations. 2022 is not restated in the table, but footnote 8, below includes a restated Adj. EBITDA breakdown for 2022 which includes the cost reallocation on the same basis as 2023.
(8) The table shows Adj. EBITDA breakdown with 2022 restated inclusive of the cost reallocation exercise described in footnote 7.

£ million20232022
Adj. EBITDA breakdown (incl. EGL)1,009731
Pellet production89125
Pumped storage and hydro230171
Biomass generation703453
Energy solutions (Customers)7220
Corporate, innovation, Global BECCS and other(85)(38)

(9) Includes 3.5TWh of structured power sales in 2025 and 2026 (forward gas sales as a proxy for forward power), transacted for the purpose of accessing additional liquidity for forward sales from RO units and highly correlated to forward power prices.
(10) Presented net of cost of closing out gas positions at maturity and replacing with forward power sales.

 

Bridging Mechanism Consultation

RNS Number :  1843A
Drax Group plc
(“Drax” or the “Group”; Symbol:DRX)

Drax welcomes the UK Government’s announcement of the launch of a consultation on a transitional support mechanism for large-scale biomass generators, including Drax Power Station, as they transition from the end of their current renewable schemes in 2027 to bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS).

The consultation, which closes on 29 February 2024, recognises the important role which biomass can play in delivering the UK’s plans for net zero as well as energy security, and sets out four models for consideration, including two variations of a CfD model.

Drax Group CEO, Will Gardiner said:

“The Government’s announcement is a welcome step forward in facilitating the deployment of large-scale BECCS and the development of CCUS Clusters in the UK.

“BECCS is currently the only credible large-scale technology that can generate renewable power and deliver carbon removals. The consultation is necessary to develop an appropriate mechanism that will ensure biomass power stations, like Drax Power Station, continue to play an important role in the UK’s energy security while transitioning to BECCS and helping the UK to meet greenhouse gas reduction targets. We will be responding to the consultation in due course.”

In December 2023, the UK Government reiterated its ambition to deploy at least 5 MtCO2/year of engineered greenhouse gas removals by 2030, potentially scaling to 23 MtCO2/year by 2035 and up to 81 MtCO2/year by 2050, and published its latest position on the design of a Power BECCS business model, which includes a 15-year CfD with a dual payment mechanism linked to both low-carbon electricity and negative emissions.

Drax believes that delivery of this ambition will require the development of at least one BECCS unit at Drax Power Station by 2030. Subject to the right investment framework, Drax plans to install carbon capture technology on two of the existing four biomass units. Each unit would be capable of capturing c.4Mt of CO2 per year.

A link to the consultation is copied below.
Transitional support mechanism for large-scale biomass electricity generators – GOV.UK (www.gov.uk)

Analysis by the consultancy Baringa (commissioned by Drax) shows that BECCS at Drax Power Station could save the UK up to £15bn between 2030 and 2050 and would help ensure that the station continues to provide important security of supply benefits. A link to the report can be found here.

Other developments

Separately, on Tuesday 16 January 2024, the UK Government approved the Development Consent Order (DCO) for plans to convert two biomass units at Drax Power Station to BECCS.

The DCO is another milestone for the project, providing planning consent for its development.

Enquiries:

Drax Investor Relations: Mark Strafford
[email protected]
+44 (0) 7730 763 949

Media:

Drax External Communications: Chris Mostyn / Andy Low
[email protected]
+44 (0) 7548 838 896

[email protected]
+44 (0) 7841 068 415

Website: www.Drax.com

END

Q1 2023 Trading Update and £150 Million Share Buyback Programme

RNS Number : 4506X
Drax Group plc
(“Drax” or the “Group”; Symbol:DRX)

Highlights

  • Strong system support and generation performance during the first three months of 2023
  • Closure of remaining coal units, decommissioning commenced April 2023
  • 2023 Adjusted EBITDA(1) expectations in line with analysts’ consensus estimates(2)
  • Final dividend of 12.6 pence to be paid subject to shareholder approval at today’s AGM
    • Total dividend for 2022 – 21.0 pence per share (2021: 18.8 pence per share)
  • £150 million share buyback programme to commence in Q2 2023

Drax Group CEO, Will Gardiner said:

“In the first quarter of 2023, we have delivered a strong system support and generation performance, providing renewable, secure, dispatchable power for millions of homes and businesses across the UK.

“We remain excited about the opportunity to do BECCS in the UK. Whilst the project is not currently in the Track 1 process, we have commenced formal discussions with the Government to facilitate the transition to BECCS at Drax Power Station by 2030.

“At the end of March, we formally closed the remaining two coal units at Drax Power Station. This is a significant moment for the business and I’d like to thank the many hundreds of people involved in making this happen and transforming Drax into a global leader in biomass power generation.

“In the US, we continue to make good progress screening options for over 10 BECCS projects which will deliver long-term, large-scale carbon removal.”

Generation

Drax has continued to optimise generation across all four biomass units (ROC and CfD), based on system need and sustainable biomass supply. The Group’s biomass, pumped storage and hydro assets have continued to support UK security of supply, providing a wide range of system support services and renewable electricity generation, which included forward power sales from pumped storage in the first three months of 2023.

Generation contracted power sales

As at 21 April 2023, Drax had 26.2TWh of power hedged between 2023 and 2025 on its ROC, pumped storage and hydro generation assets at an average price of £152.2/MWh(3). This excludes any sales under the CfD mechanism.

Contracted power sales as at 21 April 2023202320242025
Net ROC, hydro and gas (TWh)12.510.53.2
- Average achieved £ per MWh158.6149.1137.3
Lower expected level of ROC generation in 2023 due to major planned outages on two units

Coal

Following the completion of a “winter contingency” service agreement (October 2022 – March 2023) with National Grid, Drax has commenced the decommissioning of its two coal units. There was no coal generation during the agreement period.

Bioenergy Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS) – UK

In March 2023, the UK Government provided an update on its plans for the deployment of carbon capture and storage infrastructure and projects. This confirmed that Power BECCS and certain other shortlisted projects were not included in the initial Track 1 process, which relates to projects targeting commissioning in the mid-2020s. The Government confirmed that during 2023 it will set out a process for the expansion of Track 1 and has also launched a Track 2 process. Power BECCS is eligible for both tracks.

Alongside this update the Government confirmed its commitment to support the deployment of large-scale Power BECCS projects by 2030. Drax has now commenced formal bilateral discussions with the Government to move the project at Drax Power Station forward and ensure that the Government is able to fulfil its restated commitment of achieving 5Mt pa of engineered Greenhouse Gas Removals by 2030. Drax believes that BECCS at Drax Power Station is the only project in the UK that can enable the Government to achieve this goal(6). This process will also include discussion of a bridging mechanism for biomass power generation between the end of the current renewable schemes in 2027 and the commissioning of BECCS.

In addition, the Government has now published its response to the Power BECCS business model consultation, which took place in 2022, confirming its preference for the use of a CfD mechanism to remunerate renewable power and carbon removals in BECCS. The Government has also committed to publish its biomass strategy by the end of June 2023 which will set out how the technology could be deployed.

Drax’s plan of record for investment in UK BECCS was based on a first BECCS unit commissioning in 2027 and a second by 2030. Since Power BECCS is not currently in the Track 1 process and Government’s aim is to support BECCS by 2030, Drax has paused further investment in its UK BECCS project in 2023 and will revise its UK BECCS investment schedule subject to further clarity on support for BECCS at Drax Power Station.

Pellet Production

The Group’s sustainable biomass pellet business has continued to support efforts to optimise biomass power generation and security of supply in the UK. In the US, the focus has remained on ensuring the Demopolis plant reaches full capacity and reliable, safe operation.

As outlined in the 2022 Full Year Results (February 2023), inflationary pressures, primarily in transportation and utilities have contributed to an increase in pellet production costs. Taken together with costs incurred in providing supply-side flexibility, Drax continues to expect production costs to be higher in 2023.

While continuing to optimise its supply chain to maximise value for the Group, Drax remains focused on opportunities to reduce the cost of biomass.

Full Year Expectations

Reflecting these factors, Drax continues to expect full year Adjusted EBITDA(1) for 2023 to be in line with analysts’ consensus estimates(2), subject to continued good operational performance.

Reflecting the reprofiling of investment in UK BECCS, Drax now expects capital investment in 2023 to be in the range of £520-580 million (was £570-630 million).

Capital Returns and Share Buyback Programme

In line with its capital allocation policy and reflecting (a) a strong net debt to Adjusted EBITDA position, (b) the revised timing of UK BECCS investment and (c) the mitigation of equity dilution associated with the vesting of share schemes(7), the Group plans to return up to £150 million to shareholders via a share buyback programme. The programme is expected to commence in Q2 2023 and be completed by the end of 2023.

The programme is not expected to have any impact on the Group’s medium and long-term growth plans which continues to include UK BECCS, US BECCS, pellet plant and pumped storage hydro expansion.

The Group remains committed to its current capital allocation policy, which remains unchanged and, beyond the current buyback programme, will continue to assess its capital requirements in line with the current policy.

Other

Drax will host a Capital Markets Day on 23 May 2023, updating on its plans for growth with a focus on BECCS.

Drax will report its half year results on 27 July 2023.

Notes:

  1. Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation, amortisation, excluding the impact of exceptional items and certain remeasurements.
  2. As of 21 April 2023, analyst consensus for 2023 Adjusted EBITDA was £1,156 million, with a range of £1,100 – 1,200 million. The details of this company collected consensus are displayed on the Group’s website. https://www.drax.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Company_Collected_Consensus_April_2023.pdf
  3. Includes structured power sales in 2023 and 2024 (forward gas sales as a proxy for forward power), transacted for the purpose of accessing additional liquidity for forward sales from ROC units and highly correlated to forward power prices. 2024: 1.1TWh, 2025: 0.8TWh, presented net of cost of closing out gas positions at maturity and replacing with forward power sales.
  4. Typical estimated annual biomass generation from ROC and CfD units c.13-14TWh based on estimated biomass availability, incrementally lower in 2023 due to major planned outages on two ROC units, resulting in lower ROC cap versus 2022.
  5. 2023 includes limited forward selling of pumped storage generation resulting in higher captured prices but lower system support availability.
  6. Biomass is the only large-scale source of dispatchable, renewable electricity and Drax power station in Yorkshire is the largest provider of secure supply in the UK’s electricity system. Its renewable biomass generation provides 2.6GW of electricity, representing c.4% of the UK’s dispatchable capacity and supplies millions of homes and businesses with dispatchable, reliable power. BECCS at Drax Power Station is expected to be one of the world’s biggest engineered carbon removal projects, permanently removing 8Mt of CO2 from the atmosphere every year by 2030. The project would see the addition of post combustion carbon capture to two of the existing biomass units, using sustainable biomass and technology from Drax’s technology partner, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries. Captured CO2 would be transported and permanently stored by the Group’s partners in the East Coast Cluster. Vivid Economics concluded that it could deliver £370 million of economic benefit for the UK during construction, creating and supporting more than 10,000 jobs during peak construction. Recent Baringa research also demonstrates that Drax is the UK’s largest source of energy security and will continue to play a vital role in the UK security of supply in to the late 2020s. Drax aims to source 80% of materials and services for the project from British businesses and is also working with British Steel to explore opportunities for its UK production facilities to supply a proportion of the steel needed for BECCS.
  7. Of the total share options outstanding as at 31 March 2023 (18.6 million), an aggregate number of approximately 9.4 million are expected to vest in 2023 under the Company’s various share plans. This includes approximately 6.8 million under the all-UK employee Sharesave Plan which matures in June 2023 when the three-year savings contract period concludes for approximately 900 participating employees. More information on outstanding awards and associated share-based payments can be found in note 6.2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2022.

Enquiries:

Drax Investor Relations: Mark Strafford

+44 (0) 7730 763 949

Media:

Drax External Communications: Chris Mostyn

+44 (0) 7548 838 896

Website: www.Drax.com

Forward Looking Statements

This announcement may contain certain statements, expectations, statistics, projections and other information that are, or may be, forward-looking. The accuracy and completeness of all such statements, including, without limitation, statements regarding the future financial position, strategy, projected costs, plans, beliefs, and objectives for the management of future operations of Drax Group plc (“Drax”) and its subsidiaries (the “Group”), are not warranted or guaranteed. By their nature, forward-looking statements involve risk and uncertainty because they relate to events and depend on circumstances that may occur in the future. Although Drax believes that the statements, expectations, statistics and projections and other information reflected in such statements are reasonable, they reflect the Company’s current view and no assurance can be given that they will prove to be correct. Such events and statements involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results and outcomes may differ materially from those expressed or implied by those forward-looking statements. There are a number of factors, many of which are beyond the control of the Group, which could cause actual results and developments to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. These include, but are not limited to, factors such as: future revenues being lower than expected; increasing competitive pressures in the industry; uncertainty as to future investment and support achieved in enabling the realisation of strategic aims and objectives; and/or general economic conditions or conditions affecting the relevant industry, both domestically and internationally, being less favourable than expected, including the impact of prevailing economic and political uncertainty. We do not intend to publicly update or revise these projections or other forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date hereof, and we do not assume any responsibility for doing so.

Carbon markets will be essential in reaching net zero – we must ensure they support high standards

Angela Hepworth, Commercial Director, Drax

In brief:

  • The voluntary carbon market will be essential in deploying engineered carbon removals technologies like Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS), and direct air carbon capture and storage (DACS) at scale.
  • The Integrity Council for the Voluntary Carbon Market is developing a set of Core Carbon Principles (CCPs).
  • Drax support proposed principles if they’re applied in ways appropriate for engineered carbon removals.
  • Standards around additionality and the permanence of carbon removals may apply very differently to nature-based and engineered removals, something that needs to be addressed explicitly.

There’s growing recognition, in governments and environmental organisations, of the urgent need to develop high-integrity engineered carbon removals at scale if the world has any chance of meeting our collective Paris-aligned climate goals.

Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS), and direct air carbon capture and storage (DACS) are two technologies on the cusp of deployment at scale that can remove carbon from the atmosphere and store it permanently and safely. The technology is proven, developers are bringing forward projects, and the most forward-thinking companies are actively seeking to buy removal credits from BECCS and DACS developers.

Yet there’s a risk that the frameworks being developed in the voluntary carbon market could stifle rather than support the development of engineered carbon removals.

Drax is a world-leader in the deployment of bioenergy solutions. Our goal is to produce 12 million tonnes of high-integrity, permanent CO2 removals by 2030 from its BECCS projects in the U.K. and the U.S. We support the development of rigorous standards for CO2 removals that give purchasers confidence in the integrity of the CO2 removals they’re buying. Such standards are also important in providing a clear framework for project developers to work to.

However, the market and its standards have largely developed around carbon reduction and avoidance credits, rather than removals. To create a market that can enable engineered carbon removals at scale, re-thinking is needed to create standards that are fit for purpose to tackle the climate emergency.

Core Carbon Principles

The Integrity Council for the Voluntary Carbon Market is in the process of developing a set of Core Carbon Principles (CCPs) and Assessment Framework (AF) intended to set new threshold standards for high-quality carbon credits.

At Drax, we welcome and support the principles proposed by the Integrity Council. However, it’s crucial they’re applied in ways that are appropriate for engineered carbon removals, and support rather than prevent their development.

Many CCPs are directly applicable to engineered carbon removals and can offer important standards for projects developing removals technologies. Among the most important principles include those stating:

  • Removals must be robustly quantified, with appropriate conservatism in any assumptions made.
  • Key information must be provided in the public domain to enable appropriate scrutiny of the carbon removal activity, while safeguarding commercially sensitive information.
  • Removal credits should be subject to robust, independent third-party validation and verification.
  • Credits should be held in a registry which deals appropriately with removal credits.
  • Registries must be subject to appropriate governance, to ensure their integrity without becoming disproportionately bureaucratic or burdensome.
  • Removals must adhere to high standards of sustainability, taking account of impacts on nature, the climate and society.
  • There should be no double counting of carbon removals between corporates, or between countries. Bearing in mind that both corporates and countries may count the same removals in parallel, and that the Article 6 mechanism means countries can decide whether trades between corporates should or shouldn’t trigger corresponding adjustments to countries’ carbon inventories.

However, as pioneers in the field, we believe that two of the Core Carbon Principles need to be adapted to the specific characteristics of engineered carbon removals.

Supporting additionality and development incentives

The CCPs state: “The greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions or removals from the mitigation activity shall be additional, i.e., they would not have occurred in the absence of the incentive created by carbon credit revenues.”

Engineered carbon removal credits such as BECCS and DACS are by their nature additional. They are developed for the specific purpose of removing CO2 from the atmosphere and putting it back in the geosphere. They also rely on revenue from carbon markets – largely the voluntary market at present, but potentially compliance markets such as the U.K. and E.U. ETS in the future.

However, most early projects are likely to have some form of Government support (e.g., 45Q in the U.S., or Contracts for Difference in the U.K.) from outside carbon credit revenues. But that support isn’t intended to be sufficient on its own for their deployment – project developers will be expected to sell credits in compliance or voluntary markets.

Engineered carbon removals have high up-front capital costs, and it’s clear that revenue from voluntary or compliance markets will be essential to make them viable.

Additionality assessments should be risk-based. If it’s clear that a technology-type is additional, a technology-level assessment should be sufficient. This should be supplemented with full transparency on any government support provided to projects.

Compensating against non-permanent storage

On the topic of permanence that CCPs state: “The GHG emission reductions or removals from the mitigation activity shall be permanent, or if they have a risk of reversal, any reversals shall be fully compensated.”  A key benefit of engineered carbon removals with geological storage is that they effectively provide permanent carbon removal. Any risk of reversal over tens of thousands of years is extremely small.

The risk of reversal for nature-based credits, by contrast, is much greater. Schemes for managing reversal risk in the voluntary carbon market that have been developed for nature-based credits, are not necessarily appropriate for engineered removals.

Requirements for project developers to set aside a significant proportion of credits generated in a buffer pool, potentially as much as 10%, are disproportionate to the real risk of reversal from a well-manged geological store. They also fail to take account of the stringent regulatory requirements for geological storage that already exist or are being put in place.

Any ongoing requirements for monitoring should be consistent with existing regulatory requirements placed on storage owners and operators. Similarly, where jurisdictions have robust regulatory arrangements for dealing with CO2 storage risk, which place liabilities on storage owners, operators, or governments, the arrangements in the voluntary carbon market should mirror these arrangements rather than cutting across them, and no additional liabilities should be put on project developers.

At Drax, we believe the CCPs provide a suitable framework to ensure the integrity of engineered carbon removals. If applied pragmatically, they can give purchasers of engineered carbon removal credits confidence in the integrity of the product they’re buying and provide a clear framework for project developers. They can ensure that standards support, rather than stifle the development of high integrity carbon removal projects such as BECCS and DACS, which are essential to achieving our global climate goals.